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Introduction to Flask bootstrap

Flask bootstrap is defined as a module that enables the packaging of Bootstrap into an extension so that developers are able to use them. This module mainly consists of a blueprint named “bootstrap” and helps in creating links for serving the bootstrap from a Content Delivery Network and has zero boilerplate codings in the application. Bootstrap in itself is the most popular CSS framework used for the development of responsive and mobile-first websites. This tech stack enables the development of faster and easier web applications built by Flask. This module enables developers the allowing them to include of bootstrap JavaScript and bootstrap CSS files into the project. In this article we will look at the transformation bootstrap brings in without changing a single line of the application code.

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Syntax

Install and configuring it:

pip install bootstrap-flask

Importing Bootstrap in application code

from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap

Instantiating the bootstrap using the application instance:

Bootstrap(app)

Loading CSS in a template:

Loading JS in a template:

{{ bootstrap.load_js() }} How bootstrap works in Flask?

In the current article, we will talk about the latest module available for the employment of bootstrap in a Flask application. This article will not be of much help for the ones who are looking for the flask-bootstrap module. Bootstrap-flask is the module which we will be discussing here in detail. This module is an alternative to the earlier version that supports Bootstrap 4. Though bootstrap-flask is a forking of flask-bootstrap some of the APIs out of which a few of them will be discussed here were changed, deleted, or improved along with fixing of bugs, and inclusion of new macros. We will also briefly talk about migration from flask-bootstrap.

We would need to use the command using pip for installing the respective module i.e. pip install bootstrap-flask. Now eventually you might not land into any error until and unless you have flask-bootstrap also installed. In such a scenario, we would first need to use the command pip to uninstall it and then proceed with the installation of the bootstrap. In scenarios where both the modules are installed, one would need to uninstall them both at the very first step and then install them on the bootstrap-flask. In certain scenarios, if both the modules are required for different projects, the only solution is to use them in separate virtual environments.

Once the module is installed, we would need to import the module into our python code. Once done, we would need to instantiate the bootstrap object bypassing it with the Flask app object. This helps in installing the extension of bootstrap into the Flask app. Now the bootstrap-flask is installed for the Flask application object, there is html that can be inherited to use it as a template. This is achieved through Flask’s template search path. The search is performed in the application’s template folder or in the blueprint’s template folder. The module actually registers a blueprint to the Flask application.

Now there are some available macros in the module, understanding of which is equally important for the full cycle understanding of bootstrap.

Name of the Macro Templates Path Task of the macro

render_field() bootstrap/form.html WTForms form field is rendered

render_form() bootstrap/form.html WTForms form is rendered

render_form_row() bootstrap/form.html Row of a grid form is rendered

render_hidden_errors() bootstrap/form.html Error messages for hidden form field is rendered

render_pager() bootstrap/pagination.html Basic Flask-SQLAlchemy pagniantion is rendered

render_pagination() bootstrap/pagination.html Standard Flask-SQLAlchemy pagination is rendered

render_nav_item() bootstrap/nav.html Navigation item is rendered

render_breadcrumb_item() bootstrap/nav.html Breadcrumb item is rendered

render_static() bootstrap/utils.html

render_messages() bootstrap/utils.html Flashed messages send by flash( ) function is rendered

render_icon() bootstrap/utils.html Bootstrap icon is rendered

render_table() bootstrap/table.html Table with given data is rendered

Examples

Here are the following examples mention below

Example #1 – Installing bootstrap and configuring it

Syntax

pip install bootstrap-flask

Output:

Example #2 – Importing Bootstrap in application code

Syntax

from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap

Output:

Example #3 – With bootstrap rendered

Index.html:

{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}Home Page{% endblock %} {% block content %} {% endblock %}

Python file:

from flask import Flask, render_template from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap appFlask = Flask(__name__) Bootstrap(appFlask) @appFlask.route('/') def index(): return render_template('index.html') if __name__ == '__main__': appFlask.run(debug=True)

Output:

Here we see that a layout has been prepared with the html which is actually extended from the chúng tôi layout.

Conclusion

In conclusion, in this article, we have learned about the bootstrap and its configuration along with the application in Flask. We can also use this methodology to include a template without even changing a line in the code of an existing project as well so that developer doesn’t have to start from scratch. The only thing which needs to be kept in mind during the usage is not to keep bootstrap-flask and flask-bootstrap together. Use the one which suits best for the application. Like anytime else, rest is to you for experimentation.