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Difference Between Trunk Port vs Access Port

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Let’s have a look at the Access port now. The access port is used to connect a guest Virtual machine which is VLAN. Basically, it is a type of connection on a switch. It provides the virtual machines with connectivity via a switch, VLAN, and that too without VLAN tagging.

Head to Head Comparison Between Trunk Port vs Access Port (Infographics)

Below are the Top 10 comparison between Trunk port vs Access port:

Key Difference Between Trunk Port vs Access Port

The trunk port supports only the tagged frames, whereas the Access port sends and receives untagged frames.

The trunk port allows us to switch multiple VLANs, but all frames are in the same VLAN in the Access port.

The trunk port basically used to connect between switches; however, the access port is used to connect computer laptops, printers, etc.

We cannot extend the data from one switch to another switch, access ports via a trunk port. It can only be extended via the access port of the switch.

A trunk port has more than one VLAN set up on the interface, whereas an access port is capable of having only one VLAN set up on the interface.

Trunk port usually offers higher bandwidth and lower latency than access ports.

Voice VLAN feature is supported only on the access Port, not on the trunk port.

A TRUNK will add dot1q or ISL (inter-switch link) tag directly to frames, whereas the access port only passes traffic from a set VLAN, but it doesn’t modify the frame with a VLAN Tag.

So these all are the main differences between these ports.

Access port sends and receives frames that are not tagged and only having access to VLAN Value. As the frames remain within the same VLAN, this doesn’t cause signal issues. Also, if it receives a tagged packet, then it simply avoids it. If the network is more complex, then it is not an efficient choice.

Let’s take an example to understand better the TRUNK port, which transmits data from multiple VLANs. Suppose we have n number of VLANs on a particular switch; we don’t need any additional switches or cables for each one of LAN. It’s just that single link that will work out. To get to the correct endpoint, a trunk port must use tags in order to allow signals.

The phone should detect the trunk and both the access and voice VLAN packets that are tagged. Without appropriate security features, it’s very dangerous to configure the port as TRUNK PORT.

Access ports are configured on switch interfaces where end hosts are plugged into desktops or PCs.

Let’s take an example of Access port now. Suppose an engineering PC is plugged into a switch, the port where it is connected needs to be configured as an access port for the engineering VLAN. The configuration is all on the switch. The end host doesn’t need to know anything about VLANs.

By allowing only the traffic within the same VLAN, VLAN segment the campus LAN into smaller broadcast segments. Traffic between VLANs must go via a router.

Now let’s have a look at the table of comparison between the access port and trunk port for better understanding.

Trunk Port vs Access Port Comparison Table

Below is the major comparison between Trunk Port vs Access Port:

Basis of Comparison Trunk Port Access Port

Terminology It carries traffic on one or more VLANs’S on the same physical links. It’s a part of only one VLAN and normally used to terminating end devices like Laptops, PC and printer.

Support Mode Multiple Untagged VLAN’s. Single Untagged VLAN.

Common Use-Cases

Switch to switch

Hypervisor to switch

Switch to router

Switch to the server, especially on VM terminology

PC/Printer to switch.

Comments VLAN 1 can be tagged. It is untagged by default. Belongs to 1 VLAN only.

Tags Allows multiple VLANs to traverse and add tags. Allows single VLAN to traverse and removes tags.

Configuration To designate port to trunk mode- switch port mode trunk. To designate port to access mode-switch port mode access.

Protocols

ISL (inter-switch link)

802.1Q

It uses an encapsulation protocol that is IEEE 802.1Q.

Layer It’s in a layer 2 Ethernet frame. It’s in the Layer 2 Ethernet frame.

Bandwidth It provides higher bandwidth. Comparatively lower than trunk port.

Voice VLAN This feature Doesn’t support on this port. Support on the access port.

Using the “switch port mode access” command forces the port to be an access port about its configuration part. Similarly, if any device is plugged into this port, then it will only be able to communicate with other devices that are in the same VLAN. In the same way “switch port mode trunk” command forces the port to be a trunk port.

Trunk ports mark frames with some uniquely identifying tags which are either 802.1 Q or inter-switch link (ISL) tags because they are allowed to move between the switches. They are used to add VLAN information to frames as they are transported between the switches and other devices.

Conclusion

All we can say is, these are very important factors in virtual LAN to carry the traffics, whether it is tagged or untagged. Hence the main use of these both the trunk and access port is to move traffic between VLANs, which we need a layer 3 device for it to route packets.

Get Android 4.1 Jelly Bean On Nexus S With This Mostly Working Sdk Port

The Galaxy Nexus may be the current Nexus device but its predecessor – the Nexus S – hasn’t been forgotten by anyone and still sees active development thanks to being a pure Google device. Nexus S owners, while waiting for the official Jelly Bean update to be released by Google (should be out this month), can try out Jelly Bean Android 4.1 with an SDK port by XDA Forum Member steven676.

Despite being an SDK port – which are usually very unstable – the ROM works quite well with almost everything working properly. Since the source for Jelly Bean has been released, we should see a proper source-built ROM for the Nexus S soon, but for now, those looking to get a taste of Jelly Bean on their devices can flash the SDK port.

Here’s the list of highlights as well as the stuff that doesn’t work in the ROM:

Based on the Jelly Bean SDK release (JRN83C), with Google apps and other components from the Nexus 7 factory image (JRN84D). Hardware-related files and kernel from the ICS IMM76D release for Nexus S.

Wifi, Bluetooth, GPS, GSM all work. NFC should work.

Sound and calls work as of July 9 (SP1).

Video recording works as of July 10 (SP2).

Tethering, including wifi tethering, works as of July 11 (SP3).

Remarkably smooth. Project Butter really lives up to its name. (I’ve made one tweak in the chúng tôi to make the default ICS cpufreq governor more aggressive in upping the clock frequency, in order to simulate the change in governor in the Jelly Bean kernel.)

Broken/Not Working:

Voice dialing.

Voice search in Google Now. (The app fails to recognize when you stop speaking, so the search is never performed.)

Read on to find out how you can flash the Jelly Bean SDK port on your Nexus S.

Compatibility

This ROM and the guide below are compatible only and only with the international GSM Nexus S. It’s not compatible with any other device. Check your device model in Settings » About phone.

Warning!

The methods and procedures discussed here are considered risky and you should not attempt anything if you don’t know completely what it is. If any damage occurs to your device, we won’t be held liable.

How to Install Android 4.1 Jelly Bean on Nexus S

Important! Don’t forget to at least make a backup of your APN settings, which you can restore later if your data connection does not work after installing the ROM. Use the backup guide to find out how.

Make sure the bootloader on your Nexus S is unlocked and you have ClockworkMod recovery installed. You can use the Nexus S toolkit here to install ClockworkMod recovery.

Download the following files:

ROM Service Pack: Go to the official development page and download the latest Service Pack file of the ROM. This file is important as it includes improvements and fixes.

Copy the two downloaded zip files to the SD card on the phone (do not extract them).

In recovery, use the volume buttons to scroll up/down and the power button to select an option.

Select wipe data/factory reset, then select Yes on next screen to confirm. Wait a while till the data wipe is complete.

Select install zip from sdcard, then select choose zip from sdcard. Scroll to the update-crespo-JRN83C-preview-2012063001.zip file on the SD card and select it. Confirm installation by selecting Yes – Install update-crespo-JRN83C-preview-2012063001.zip on the next screen. The ROM will start installing.

After the ROM installation completes, select choose zip from sdcard again, but this time select the Service Pack file (downloaded in step 3.2) to install the ROM’s service pack.

After installation of the Service Pack is complete, select go back then select reboot system now to reboot the phone and boot up into Jelly Bean.

To update to further versions of the ROM, simply go to the development page, download the latest Service Pack file, and install it from recovery. No need to wipe data or install the main ROM again.

This Week In Games: Super Meat Boy For Free, Sega Teases A Catherine Port

A brand new year! Anything is possible. We’re wiping 2023’s slate clean, resolving to be better in 2023, and—what’s that? The first news story of the year is Bethesda broke Fallout 76 again? Ominous.

This is gaming news for December 31 to January 4.

Nine years later

Let’s start 2023 off right with a free game, shall we? The Epic Games Store is currently giving away various games, one at a time, in order to kick-start adoption of the new platform. That’s potentially good news for you, if you’re open to installing another launcher. And the latest? The ultra-hard platformer Super Meat Boy is free through January 10. A nearly nine-year-old game isn’t quite as exciting as the previous giveaway, Subnautica, but hey: It’s still a free game.

Start the day right

Also free: Meditations, a new indie game launcher spearheaded by Vlambeer’s Rami Ismail. Here’s the gist, in Ismail’s words:

“One morning in 2023, I played a short game that made me wish I had a new tiny game like it for every day of the year. So for all of 2023, I’ve asked hundreds of devs to make a small game. This launcher will serve you a new little game every day.”

Taken the games to Isengard

And speaking of free games, Humble gave away both Lego: Lord of the Rings and Lego: The Hobbit in December—and now we know why, I guess. As of this week, both games have been removed from Steam, Humble, and so on. If you own the game you can still access it, but neither is being sold. That usually indicates a rights issue, like when Mafia 2 and Alan Wake disappeared. What that rights issue is, in this case? No idea, but until it’s resolved you won’t be able to purchase either game. And it may take a while! Alan Wake was missing for over a year before all the contracts got hammered out, so we’ll see what happens here.

Catherine

Sega’s made an effort these past few years to bring some of its previously console-only releases over to PC, which makes me happy—both from a preservation angle and from a “Oh yeah, that game!” angle. Vanquish, Bayonetta, and Yakuza 0 all made it over in 2023, with more Yakuza (presumably) on the way.

Rocket League spin-offs still strike me as funny. Every genre’s prone to cloning of course, but in the case of Rocket League…it’s just so blatant, I guess? There’s nothing else like Rocket League, except all these games trying so hard to recreate Rocket League.

The Souls still burn

Dark Souls developer From Software sure is busy these days. Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice is due to release in March, but according to an interview Hidetaka Miyazaki did with chúng tôi (via Gematsu), the Dark Souls studio has two additional games in development right now as well. They’re apparently Dark Souls-esque, though like Sekiro they presumably transplant those ideas to new settings. Hell, maybe one of them is Bloodborne 2.

Nuclear disarmament now

Fallout 76 began 2023 the same way it exited 2023: A bit of a mess. Players began noticing January 1 that the nuclear missile silos, essentially the “end-game” for Fallout 76, were broken—locked, with a reset counter of 9,999 hours or approximately 400 days. It almost feels like the missile silos fell prey to a Y2K bug, 19 years late. Or a Y2K19 bug, if you will.

How To Access Microsoft Loop

Microsoft Loop is a new tool from Microsoft that is designed to help teams collaborate more efficiently. With Microsoft Loop, users can bring together various sources of information, such as emails, files, notes, and messages, and work on them collaboratively in one place. However, many users may not be aware of how to access Microsoft Loop or where to find it. In this blog post, we will discuss how to access Microsoft Loop and get started with this powerful new tool.

Microsoft Loop is a new productivity tool that is currently in development by Microsoft. It is designed to help teams collaborate and communicate more effectively by organizing information, discussions, and tasks in one place. Microsoft Loop aims to be a digital workspace where users can bring together various sources of information, such as emails, files, notes, and messages, and work on them collaboratively.

Microsoft Loop combines a powerful and flexible canvas with portable components that stay in sync and move freely across Microsoft 365 apps. It is a transformative co-creation experience that brings together teams, content, and tasks across your tools and devices. It is designed for the hybrid world, where you can work together, even when you’re apart.

If you are interested in trying out Microsoft Loop, you need to follow some steps to enable it for your organization. Microsoft Loop is currently in Public Preview, which means it is opt-in and disabled by default.

Also read: How To Use Microsoft 365 Copilot AI On Word, Outlook, PowerPoint, and Excel

To enable Microsoft Loop on your device, you need to follow these steps:

To add content to your loop document, you can use various tools such as text, tables, lists, images, diagrams, charts, etc. You can drag and drop them from the toolbar at the bottom of the screen or use keyboard shortcuts. You can also resize, move, format, and customize them as you like.

Once you have enabled Microsoft Loop for your organization, you can start creating and sharing Loop components with your colleagues. Loop components are portable pieces of content that sync across all the places they have been shared, such as Microsoft Teams, Outlook, Word for the web, Whiteboard, and the Loop app itself. You can edit them inline from those applications and they will always be up to date.

Microsoft Loop is designed to help you work smarter and faster with your team. You can create dynamic and interactive documents that update in real-time and sync across devices. You can also integrate them with other Microsoft products such as Teams, Outlook, OneNote, etc.

Here are the steps you need to take to access Microsoft Loop:

Create a security group that will contain all the users in your organization to who you want to grant access to the Loop app during Public Preview. You can create a dynamic security group or a static security group.

Create a Cloud Policy, scoped to the security group you created above, to enable the Loop app. You can do this by using PowerShell commands or by using Endpoint Manager.

Some of the features of Microsoft Loop are:

You can use the Microsoft Loop app to collect everything you need for a project in one place, such as files, links, data from other apps, emojis, and expressions, organize your work in workspaces and pages that are easy to navigate, and collaborate on, and also track progress with notifications, highlighted changes, status labels, and task lists.

Microsoft Loop is a new way to work together that meets you where you are. It is a modern tool that embraces ambiguity and enables people to work where and how they want to be effective.

Microsoft Loop is a promising new tool for collaboration and communication among teams. By bringing together different sources of information and providing a digital workspace for collaboration, Microsoft Loop can help teams work more efficiently and effectively. Accessing Microsoft Loop is simple, and by following the steps outlined in this blog post, users can easily get started with this powerful new tool. With Microsoft Loop, teams can streamline their workflows and achieve their goals more quickly and easily than ever before.

Microsoft Loop is a new tool from Microsoft that is designed to help teams collaborate and communicate more effectively. With Microsoft Loop, users can bring together various sources of information, such as emails, files, notes, and messages, and work on them collaboratively in one place.

Yes, Microsoft Loop is free to use for anyone with a Microsoft account.

Yes, Microsoft Loop is available on both iOS and Android devices. You can download the Microsoft Loop app from the App Store or Google Play.

You can bring in a variety of information types, including emails, files, notes, and messages. You can also create new content within Microsoft Loop, such as notes and tasks.

How To Access Auto Gpt Online

Auto-GPT is an AI technology that can generate text and code in a more general sense. It is an experimental open-source interface to GPT-4 and GPT-3.5, enabling self-guided (autonomous) task completion. This “AI agent” can perform tasks with little human intervention and can even prompt itself for guidance. If you’re interested in accessing Auto GPT online, here are the steps you need to follow:

To use AutoGPT, you will need an OpenAI API key. PineCone is the platform that allows you to obtain this API key. PineCone is an AI-powered vector database that integrates seamlessly with OpenAI’s GPT models. With PineCone, you can manage, query, and deploy models like AutoGPT. Visit the PineCone website to create an account and obtain your API key.

See Also: AutoGPT Tutorial: Automate Coding Tasks with AI

Before accessing AutoGPT online, you’ll need to download the web driver for your preferred browser. The web driver allows Selenium, an automation tool, to interact with your browser. You can find the appropriate web driver for your browser by visiting the Selenium website or searching for it online. Download and install the web driver to proceed with the next steps.

With the authentication process complete, you can now start using AutoGPT to automate your tasks. AutoGPT is a powerful tool that can perform a wide range of jobs, from content generation to language translation and even creative writing. Simply provide the necessary instructions or prompts, and AutoGPT will generate human-like text answers for you. Explore the capabilities of AutoGPT and discover how it can streamline your workflow.

See More: How To Install And Use AutoGPT: A Step-By-Step Guide

If you want to access AutoGPT on websites, there are two ways to go about it: using Selenium or PineCone API. Both options provide different approaches to integrating AutoGPT into your web-based projects. Let’s take a look at each method:

Install Selenium and the Selenium Web Driver for your browser. You can find detailed installation instructions on the Selenium website.

Create a new Python script and import the necessary libraries, including Selenium.

Use Selenium to navigate to the AutoGPT website and log in with your OpenAI API key obtained from PineCone. This will allow you to access AutoGPT’s functionalities within your script.

Utilize AutoGPT to automate your tasks by providing the necessary prompts or instructions. Watch as AutoGPT generates human-like text and performs the desired actions on the website.

PineCone API is a free open-source simulation tool that leverages the next-generation GPT-4 with automations. It provides a convenient way to access AutoGPT’s capabilities without the need for extensive programming. With PineCone API, you can set up the initial role and goals for your AI buddy, and it will automatically leverage its resources to achieve your desired outcomes.

To access AutoGPT using PineCone API, follow these steps:

Visit the PineCone website and sign in to your account.

Create a new project or select an existing one.

Within the project, set up the initial role and goals for your AI buddy. Define the specific tasks or prompts you want AutoGPT to address.

Use the PineCone API to make requests and interact with AutoGPT programmatically. The API allows you to send prompts, receive responses, and control the behavior of the AI agent.

Iterate and refine your interactions with AutoGPT to achieve the desired outcomes.

PineCone API provides a user-friendly interface to work with AutoGPT and simplifies the integration process into your applications or workflows.

Remember that AutoGPT is an experimental interface to GPT-4 and GPT-3.5, and the availability and usage may be subject to changes or limitations. It’s recommended to refer to the official OpenAI documentation and resources for the most up-to-date information on accessing AutoGPT online.

How To Access Blocked Websites From Overseas

Many popular websites are only available for specific countries. The reasons for blocking vary and could even be two-way. For one, it could be the site’s prerogative not to share content with people from specific countries, whether for legal reasons or because the content is not applicable for another country.

It could also be a form of censorship. At least 25 countries block certain websites so that their citizens could not access them. The reasons range from political, to cultural and social causes, to simple censorship.

Regardless of the reasons why they’re blocked, it may be possible to access blocked websites anyway. Here are some methods you could try:

1. Use anti-censorship tools.

The good news is that there are groups of programmers and developers who make it their life’s work to combat censorship in any form. They have come up with a lot of tools that could help you bypass these blocks.

Free online proxy sites.

If you do a quick Google search of online proxy websites, you will probably get dozens of websites that allow you to access blocked websites for free. The best thing about these services is that you only use the browser to visit the blocked sites; you do not have to download and install anything on your computer.

Some of the most widely used free online proxy sites:

After you find a proxy site, all you have to do is enter the URL of the blocked site. You should be able to access the site with no problems.

It works because the site thinks that you are from another country, such as the United States or the United Kingdom, as the online proxy service is presenting a UK or US-based IP.

Free proxy software

A proxy software works very much like online proxy sites, but you would need to download and/or install it onto your machine to use it. You may want to be very thorough with the virus and malware scanning before doing so.

The good news with proxy software is that it often has higher traffic limits and can allow you to do more things than an online proxy site.

Examples of proxy software:

FreeProxy

GappProxy

X-Proxy

Virtual private networks

With a virtual private network (VPN) you will be accessing a network that works just like the Internet. You will be using your own Internet access to connect to the VPN, and the VPN in turn will allow you to access blocked websites.

To better understand how a VPN works, think of it as a computer that can access the blocked sites you have. You then use your own computer to access that computer remotely. Once you’re in, there are no more blocked sites.

There are free VPNs on the Internet that you can access either through your browser or by downloading and installing software. Some of the most popular include ProXPN, OpenVPN and HotSpotShield.

2. Access blocked websites indirectly.

If you need content on these sites, and could not successfully connect to a VPN or find proxy programs on the Internet, there are several ways to view these sites indirectly. Here are some suggestions:

Google Translate

Type in the URL of the blocked site you have into the translate box and you can view the blocked site in the translated portion of the page.

Google Cache

RSS

If the blocked website has an RSS feed, you can still view the blocked pages using an RSS reader. All you have to do is add the RSS feed to the reader.

If your favorite blocked website does not have an RSS feed, you can simply create an RSS feed for it using a service similar to Page2RSS. You just have to enter the URL into the box to generate an RSS feed for it, then add it to your reader.

The next time you need to access a website from another country and find out you’re blocked from accessing it, try any of these methods and see which one works best and most conveniently for you. Don’t forget to come back here and share your experiences to let us know how it worked for you.

Image credit: ProXPN, Bilingual Access Forbiden Sign On Rope by BigStockPhoto

Michael Gabriel Sumastre

. He is a freelance technology writer, technical writer and tech blogger for hire since 2005. He started his professional career as an SEO writer. Michael loves to talk and write about technology. He has a bachelor’s degree in computer science and knows how to code. Michael also contributes several tech articles to different websites. His hobbies include riding sportsbike, playing with PS3, traveling the countryside and reading newspapers and magazines.

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